Experimental Study of Sediment Grain’s Impact on Stilling Basins of Dams

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

PhD of Civil Engineering, Water Engineering, Assistant professor, University of Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

This paper studies existing of an empirical equation for the determination of abrasion rate of concrete stilling basins by debris flow sediments’ impact. Mix of friction and impact are modeled by previous researches’ experiments without dividing their share in abrasion and impact. In addition, grains' size were not as big as grains of debris flow in their experiments. Therefore, experimental method is presented for studying the effect of the impact of large grains of the debris flows’ sediment on apron of stilling basins in this paper. According to studied correlation equations between first set of experiments' data, the direct relation between abrasion rate and cumulative potential energy in unite weight of the concrete of the stilling basins is proved. In addition, according to error of linear, power and exponential equations between first set of experiments' data, is verified that the error of power equation is minimum. The equations are verified using second set of experiments. The power equation between abrasion rate and cumulative potential energy in unite weight of concrete stilling basins is recommended. The effect of existing water in stilling basin on reduction of sediment grain's velocity is discussed and it is showed that the reducer effect of water is less than 10% for relative depth smaller than one. In addition, the analysis show that the effect of existing water on reduction of finer sediment of ordinary floods is important and it may reduce the velocity about 90

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References

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Irrigation and Water Engineering
Volume 1, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
September 2011
Pages 14-22

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