Irrigation and Water Engineering

Irrigation and Water Engineering

The effect of the angle and length of the protective wall on scour around the bridge abutment in laboratory conditions

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Mojtaba zakeri 1
Mahdi Amirabadizadeh 2
yousef Ramezani 3
1 M.Sc. Graduate, Science and Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran
2 Associate Professor, , Science and Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran and member of drought and climate change research group(Corresponding author, Email: mamirabadizadeh
3 Associate Professor, Science and Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran and member of drought and climate change research group
10.22125/iwe.2024.422767.1762
Abstract
Bridge abutment is one of the vulnerable structures during floods. The main problem of the vulnerability of such structures is local erosion around them, which shows the necessity of studying the prediction and reduction of erosion around it. One of the ways to reduce erosion around the bridge abutment is to use a protective wall. In this research, the length of the support was fixed and equal to 8 cm. Experiments using protective walls with lengths of 4, 6, 8, and 10 cm (equivalent to 0.5, 0.75, 1, and 1.25 times the length of the support) at an absorption ratio of 25% and also four installation angles of 0, 15, 30 and 45 degrees were performed in clear water conditions. The results showed that, at a fixed length of the protective wall, reducing the angle of the protective wall can have a significant effect on reducing the maximum scour depth around the bridge support and the foot of the protective wall. So that the zero degree angle showed the best performance compared to other angles. According to the results of this research, the use of a protective wall with a length equal to the length of the support and at an installation angle of zero degrees, causes a 54% reduction in the maximum scour depth around the support and also a 29% reduction in the scour depth at the foot of the protective wall in comparison to witness.
Keywords
Local scour
clear water
bridge support
protective wall
absorption ratio
Subjects
خادمی، خ. 1391. بررسی اثر فواصل طولی و عرضی صفحات مستغرق بر آبشستگی موضعی ایجادشده در محل تکیه­گاه پل. رساله­ی دکتری. دانشکده علوم و مهندسی آب. دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز.
رمضانی، ی. 1391. بررسی تأثیر پوشش گیاهی دشت سیلابی بر کاهش آبشستگی پیرامون تکیه­گاه پل در مقطع مرکب. رساله دکتری. دانشکده علوم و مهندسی آب. دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز.
شجاعی، پ.، فرسادی زاده، د. و حسین زاده دلیر، ع. 1390. تأثیر توأم صفحات مستغرق و طوق در کاهش عمق آبشستگی پایه‌های استوانه‌ای شکل پل‌ها. نشریه علوم آب و خاک، دوره 15، شماره 57، ص 33-23.‎
صادقی، ف. 1396. اثر نسبت استغراق دیوار محافظ بر آبشستگی پیرامون تکیه­گاه پل. پایان­نامه کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم و مهندسی آب. دانشگاه بیرجند.
صادقی، ص. 1402. بررسی علل تخریب بعضی از پل‌ها. پانزدهمین کنفرانس بین‌المللی مکانیک، ساخت، صنایع و مهندسی عمران. بهمن 1402. ملبورن. استرالیا.
غفاری، ح. و زمردیان، س. بررسی آشفتگی موضعی پایه پل در خاک‌های چسبنده. 1397. پژوهش مهندسی عمران. دوره 18، ص 179-169.
قربانی، ب. و حیدر پور، م. 1384. کنترل و کاهش آبشستگی موضعی با استفاده همزمان از شکاف و سنگ­چین. گزارش طرح تحقیقاتی بین دانشگاهی. دانشگاه شهرکرد و صنعتی اصفهان.
کریمی، م.، قمشی، م. و رمضانی، ی. 1394. اثر احداث دیوار موازی بر کاهش آبشستگی پیرامون تکیه­گاه پل در مقطع مرکب. نشریه پژوهش­های حفاظت آب و خاک دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. دوره 22، شماره 3، 164-151.
رحیمی­نیا، ا. 1394. بررسی تأثیر زبریهای موضعی و صفحات مستغرق در کنترل و کاهش آبشستگی موضعی پایه­ی پل، پایان­نامه­ی کارشناسی ارشد سازه های آبی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان.
نکوفر، ک. و زرودی، ع. (1400). بررسی تأثیر شکل پایه پل در میزان آبشستگی پایه پل با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SSIIM. فصلنامه علمی تخصصی مهندسی آب, شماره 9, ص 87-73.
Ahmed, F. and Rajaratnam, N. 2000. Observations on flow around an abutment. Journal of Engineering Mechanics. 125(1): 51-59.
Barbhuiya, A.K. and Dey, S. 2003. Vortex flow field in a scour hole around abutments. International Journal of Sediment Research. 18(4): 310-325.
Barbhuiya, A.K., and Dey, S. 2004. Local scour at abutments: a review. Sadhana, Indian Academy of Sciences. 29(5): 449-476.
Dey, S. and Barbhuiya, A.K. 2004. Clear-water scour at abutments in thinly armored beds. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 130(7): 622-634.
Dey, S. and Barbhuiya, A.K. 2005a. Flow field at a vertical-wall abutment. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 131(12): 1126-1135.
Dey, S. and Barbhuiya, A.K. 2005b. Turbulent flow field in a scour hole at a semicircular abutment. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering. 32(1): 213-232.
Dey, S. and Barbhuiya, A.K. 2005c. Time variation of scour at abutments. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 131(1): 11-23.
Dey, S. and Barbhuiya, A.K. 2006a. 3D flow field in a scour hole at a wing-wall abutment. Journal of Hydraulic Research. 44(1): 33-50.
Dey, S. and Barbhuiya, A.K. 2006b. Velocity and turbulence in a scour hole at a vertical-wall abutment. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation. 17(1): 13-21.
Dongol, D.M.S. 1994. Local scour at bridge abutments. Report No. 544. School of Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Gill, M.A. 1970. Bed erosion around obstructions in rivers. Ph.D. thesis. Imperial College of Science and Technology, University of London, London, England.
Hagerty, D.J. and Parola, A.C. 1992. Seepage influence on stability of bridge abutments. Conf. Proc. Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, p. 900.
Johnson, P.A., Hey, R.D., Tessier, M., and Rosgen, D.L. 2001. Use of vanes for control of scour at vertical wall abutments. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 127(9): 772-778.
Korkut, R., Martinez, E.J., Morales, R., Ettema, R., and Barkdoll, B. 2007. Geobag performance as scour countermeasure for bridge abutments. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 133(4): 431-439.
Kwan, F. 1984. Study of Abutment Scour. Report No. 328. School of Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Kwan, F. 1987. A study of abutment scour. Ph.D. thesis. School of Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Li, H. 2005. Countermeasures against scour at bridge abutments. Ph.D. Thesis, Michigan Technological University.
Liu, M.K., Chang, F.M. and Skinner, M.M. 1961. Effect of bridge construction on scour and backwater. Report No. CER60-HKL22. Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Melville, B.W. 1992. Local scour at bridge abutments. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 118(4): 615-631.
Melville, B.W. 1997. Pier and abutment scour: integrated approach. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 123(2): 125-136.
Melville, B.W., Ballegooy, S.V., Coleman, S.E., and Barkdoll, B. 2007. Riprap size selection at wing-wall abutments. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 133(11): 1265-1269.
Molinas, A., Kheireldin, K. and Baosheng, W. 1998. Shear stress around vertical wall abutments. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 124(8): 822-830.
Shen, H.W., Chan, C.T., Lai, J.S. and Zhao, D. 1993. Flow and scour near an abutment. Hydraulic Engineering, Proceedings of the 1993 Hydraulics Conference, San Francisco, CA, ASCE, 1, pp. 743-748.
Shirole A.M. and Holt R.C. 1991. Planning for a comprehensive bridge safety assurance program. Transp. Res. Rec. No. 1290, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, pp. 137-142.
Sturm, T.W. 2006. Scour around bankline and setback abutments in compound channels. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 132(1): 21-32.
Teruzzi, A., Ballio, F. and Armenio, V. 2009. Turbulent stresses at the bottom surface near an abutment: laboratory-scale numerical experiment. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 135(2): 106-117