Irrigation and Water Engineering

Irrigation and Water Engineering

Reducing salinity and heavy metals in brackish water using halophyte plants

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Sobhan Pishanidar 1
Reza Jahanshahi 2
Mohammad Reza Mirbalouchzehi 3
1 M.Sc. Student of Hydrogeology, Geology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran
2 Associate Professor of Hydrogeology, School of Geology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Ph.D of Chemistry, Sistan and Baluchestan Water and Wastwater Co., Iran
10.22125/iwe.2024.452750.1802
Abstract
Due to the lack of fresh water in Iran and the existence of a large amount of saline water in the surface and groundwater, it is necessary to conduct research with natural methods without environmental pollution to reduce the salinity of water sources. Therefore, in this research, the reduction of salinity of a sample of brackish water from the groundwater water of Zahedan plain was evaluated using halophyte plants. In this regard, the physical model of hydroponic irrigation was used for water purification by halophyte plants (Aloe-vera and Pampas). The results showed that phytoremediation by Aloe-vera and Pampas plants reduced the salinity and some elements in the water. The comparison of the reduction of the average concentration of elements by one plant of both Aloe vera and Pampas plants showed that in a volume of 15 liters of brackish water (with an electrical conductivity of 5000 µS/cm), sulfur, sodium, and potassium elements were 26, 14 and 8.5 mg/liter respectively, had the highest amount of removal among the elements. While the highest "removal potential" of elements by these plant was related to cesium element by 54% and 85%, respectively.
Keywords
Aloe-vera
Hydroponic irrigation
Pampas
Phytoremediation
Subjects
خداویسی، ج.، انگبین، س. 1397. طراحی و ساخت تصفیه خانه ای نوین جهت ارتقای کیفیت پساب شهر بوشهر با استفاده ازکشت گیاهان هالوفیت به صورت هیدروپونیک، همایش ملی راهبردهای مدیریت منابع آب و چالش های زیست محیطی، مقاله شماره 10، ص 10-1.
خورسندی، ف.، وزیری، ژ.، عزیزی زهان، ع. ا. 1389. شورورزی: استفاده پایدار از منابع آب و خاک شور در کشاورزی. انتشارات. کمیته ملی آبیاری و زهکشی ایران. ص 336.
کرمی، ح.، صانعی دهکردی، خ. 1389. بررسی امکان استفاده بهینه از پساب کشاورزی با پیشنهاد گیاهان مقاوم به شوری اداپته شده با اقلیم خوزستان، مطالعه موردی دشت حمودی، دومین سمینار ملی جایگاه آبهای بازیافتی و پساب در مدیریت منابع آب، مقاله شماره 5، ص 12-1.
وصال، س. ا. 1394. هیدروپونیک: راهنمای کامل و عملی کشت بدون خاک. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی واحد مشهد.
Barrett-Lennard, E.G., Bathgate, A.D. and Malcolm, C.V. 2003. Saltland pastures in Australia, a practical guide. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia. Perth Bulletin, 4312.
Breckle, S.W. 2009. Is sustainable agriculture with seawater irrigation realistic?. In Salinity and water stress, Springer, Dordrecht , pp. 187-196.
Farzi, A., Borghei, S.M. and Vossoughi, M. 2017. The use of halophytic plants for salt phytoremediation in constructed wetlands. International journal of phytoremediation, 19(7), pp.643-650.
Flowers, T. J. and Colmer, T. D. 2008. Salinity tolerance in halophytes. New Phytologist, 945-963.
Glenn, E.P., O'Leary, J.W., Watson, M.C., Thompson, T.L. and Kuehl, R.O. 1991, Salicornia bigelovii Torr.: an oilseed halophyte for seawater irrigation. Science, 251(4997), pp.1065-1067.
Kalantari, E., Hassanli, A., Ghanbarian, G. A., Ghaemi, A. A. and Mousavi, S. R. 2018. Local desalination treatment plant wastewater reuse and evaluation potential absorption of salts by the halophyte plants. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 7(1): 43-50 .
Li, P., Wang, C., Liu, G., Luo, X., Rauan, A., Zhang, C., Li, T., Yu, H., Dong, S. and Gao, Q. 2022. A hydroponic plants and biofilm combined treatment system efficiently purified wastewater from cold flowing water aquaculture. Science of The Total Environment, 821, p.153534.
Mirck, J. and Zalesny, R.S. 2015. Mini-review of knowledge gaps in salt tolerance of plants applied to willows and poplars. International journal of phytoremediation, 17(7), pp.640-650.
Miyamoto, S., Glenn, E.P. and Olsen, M.W. 1996. Growth, water use and salt uptake of four halophytes irrigated with highly saline water. Journal of Arid Environments, 32(2), pp.141-159.
Thomas, B., 2016. Encyclopedia of applied plant sciences. Academic Press.
Yan, K., Xu, H., Zhao, S., Shan, J., and Chen, X. 2016. Saline soil desalination by honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.) depends on salt resistance mechanism. Ecological Engineering, 88, 226-231.