The effects of different seed priming agents on morphological characteristics, yield, yield components and water extract of fennal (Foeniculum vulgar Mill) in water stress condition

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Former M. Sc. Student. Dep. of Agronomy. Faculty of Agriculture. Univ. of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran.

2 , Dep. of Agronomy. Faculty of Agriculture. Univ. of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman

Abstract

Water stress is one of the inhibitors in crops and drug crops seed germination and seedling growth. There are different ways to minimize the harmful effects of water stress tensions. Seed priming is one of the popular and efficient techniques for increasing germination efficiency. The most important kind of priming is osmo priming (imbibing seeds in osmotic solutions with different osmotic pressure or potential); and hormo priming (to effect hormone compounds on seeds). This research was conducted to investigate  the effects of salicylic acid (Aspirin), K CL, and Na Cl on some morphological aspects, yield, and yield components of fennel (Foenicilum vulgar Mill) in water stress condition in laboratory and on research farm, College of Agriculture, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran in 1390 crop year. In lab; an experiment, as randomized complete block (Factorial design) with 3 replications was conducted. Fennel seeds treated with salicylic acid in 4 levels (0, O.1, 0.5, 1 m. molar concentration); K CL in 4 levels (0,-1, -1.5, -2 M pascal osmotic potential); Na CL in 4 levels (0, -1, -1.5, -2 M Pascal osmotic potential) For 24 hours in 20◦C temperature. In salicylic acid treatments, the third level (0/5 m molar) had highest mean germination speed and seedling shoots and root length. In K CL treatments the second level (-1 Mp) had highest germination speed and seedling shoot and root length. In Na CL treatment -1.5 Mp treatment showed highest seedling shoot and root growth. In the farm experiment; the best priming treatments that were obtained in lab; were used and a randomized complete block in split plot design with 4 replications was conducted. Irrigation in 2 levels (no water stress, water stress) was as main plots; and different priming treatments in 4 levels (distilled water as control, Na CL with- 1Mp osmotic potential, K CL with -1.5 Mp osmotic potential, salicylic acid in 0.5 m. molar concentration) were used as subplots. The results showed that water stress and priming treatments, had significant effects on seed yield, biological yield, umbels number/pl, and umbellates number/ umbel in fennel; But plant height and harvest index were not significant. 1000 seed weight was affected by interaction effect of water stress × priming. Water stress increased water extract percent, but decreased total yield water extract.

Keywords

References

1- اکبری نیا، ا.، م. خسروی فرد، ا. شریفی عاشورآبادی و ب. باباخانلو. 1384. تأثیر دور‌آبیاری بر عملکرد و خصوصیات زراعی گیاه داروئی سیاهدانه. فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی تحقیقات گیاهان داروئی و معطر ایران، جلد 21، شماره 1، ص 73-65.
2- امیدبیگی، ر. 1384. رهیافت های تولید و فرآوری گیاهان داروئی. جلد دوم. چاپ اول، انتشارات آستان قدس رضوی. تهران. 438 صفحه.
3- جمشیدی، ا.، ف. سفیدکن و ا. محمدی گل تپه.1391 (الف). تأثیر سیستم های مختلف تغذیه بر صفات کمی و کیفی گیاه داروئی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) تحت تأثیر تنش کم آبی. فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی تحقیقات گیاهان داروئی و معطر ایران، جلد 28، شماره 2، ص 323-309.
4- جمشیدی، ا.، ا. قلاوند، ف. سفیدکن و ا. محمدی گل تپه. 1391. تأثیر سیستم های مختلف تغذیه بر صفات کمی گیاه داروئی رازیانه در رژیم های مختلف آبیاری. نشریه زراعت (پژوهش و سازندگی. شماره 97. ص 54-47).
5- درزی، م.ت. و م.ر. حاج سیدهادی. 1380. آشنایی با گیاه داروئی رازیانه. مجله علمی ترویجی زیتون. 57: 55-50.
6- درزی، م.ت. و م.ر.  حاج سیدهادی. 1384. بررسی تاریخ کاشت و تراکم بوته بر کیفیت دانه و ماده مؤثیر گیاه داروئی رازیانه در شرایط تنش خشکی- مجله زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ایران: شماره36 صفحات 27-2.
7- Afzal, A., N. Aslam, F. Mahmood, A. Hameed, S. Irafan and G. Ahmad. 2006. Enhancement of germination and emergence of canola by different priming techniques. Garden depesquisa Bio. 16(1): 19-34.
8- Basra, S.M.A., M. Ashraf, N. lqbal, A. khaliq and R. Ahmad, 2004.physilogical and biochemical aspect of pre-sowing heat stress on cotton seed. Seed Sci and Technol. 32: 765-774.
9- Bradford, K.J., J. Steiner and S.E. Trawathe. 1990; Seed priming influence on germination and emergence of pepper seed lots. Crop Sci. 30: 718-721.
10- Bray, C.M.1995. Biochemical processes during the osmopriming of seeds. Pp 767-789. In: kigel, Y.G. Gallili (Eds). Seed Development and Germination  Marcel Decker, New York.402p.
11- Cantliffe, D.I, I.M. Fischer and T.A. Nell. 1989 Mechanism of seed priming in circumventing thermo dormacncy in lettuce. Plant Physiol. 75, 290-294.
12- Foti. S., S.L. Cosentiono, C. Patane ande D. Agosta. 2002; Effect of osmoconditioning upon seed germination of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.)moench under low temperature. Seed Sci and Technol. 30: 521-531.
13- Ghazi, N. and A.L.karaki. 1998; Response of wheat and barley during germination to seed osmopriming at different water potential. J.Agronomy and Soil. 181: 239-235.
14- Gunes, Y., A. Inal, M. Alpaslan,F. Eraslan, E.G. Bagci and G.N. Cicek.(2007). “salicylic acid induced changes on some physiological parameters symptomatic for oxidative stress and mineral nutrition in maize ( Zea mays L.) grown under salinity”. J.Plant Physiol. 88, 29-34.
15- Harris, D. 2005. Priming seed. DFID Plant Sciences Research programme, Center for Arid Zone Studies University of Banglor. India.
16- Harris, D.,A. Joshi, A Khan, P. Gothkar and P.S. Sohhi. 1999; On farm seed priming in semi-arid culture: Development and evaluation in maize, rice and chickpea in lndia using participatory methods. Exp. Agric. 35: 15-29.
17- Herris. D. and J.M. Tisdall. 1996; The effects of manure, genotype, seed priming, depth and data of sowing on the emergence and early growth of Sorghum bicolor (L.) moench in semi-arid Boswana. Special issue: Crop establishment. Soil and Tillage Research. 40: 73-88.
18- Jeller, H., S. C.J. G.A Perez and J. Raizer. 2003. Water uptake, priming, drying and storage effects in Cassia excels schard seeds. Brazilian Journal of Biology. 63: 61-68.
19- Kapoor, R., B.K.G. GiriMukerji. 2004. Improved growth and essential oil yield and quality in (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) on mycorrhizal inoculation supplennented with p-fertilizer. Bioresource Technology, 93 (3); 307-311.
20- Kaya, M.K., G. Okuc, Atak., M.Y. Cikili and O.Kobarici.2006. Seed treatment to overcome drought stress during germination in sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) Eroup. J.Agronomy. 24: 291-295.
21- Larcher, W. 2001. Physiological plant ecology. Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg  New York Germany. 505 p.
22- Mohammad,F. and M.A. Shahza.2005. Rice cultivation by seed priming DAWN Business;August 2005.
23- Misra, A. and N.K. Srivastara.2000. Influence of water stress on Japanese mint. Journal of Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal plants. 7: 51-58.
24- Moradi Dezfoli,P., F. Shrif-zedeh and M. Janmohamadi. 2008. Influence of priming techniques’ on seed germination behavior of maize inbred lineds (Zea mays L.)ARPN Journal of Agriculture and Biological Science. Vol. 3, No, May 2008.
25- Ngouajio, M., G. Wang and R. Goldy.2007. Withholding of drip irrigation between transplanting and flowering increases the yield of field – grown tomato under plastic mulch. Agricultural Water Management, 87: 285 – 291.
26- Prisco, J.T., C.R. Baptista. And E.J.L. Pinheiro. 1992. Hydration, Dehydration seed. Pretreatment and its effects on seed germination under water stress. 504 P.
27- Raskin, I. 1992. Role of salicylic acid in plants. Annu. Plant Physiology. Plant Mol. Biol, 43: 439-460.
28- Salama, Z. A, F. K. Elbaz, A.A. GaafarN and M. Fathi Zaki. 2014. Antioxidant activities of Phenolics, Flavonoids and Vitamin C in two cultivars of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) in responses to organic and bio-organic Fertilizers. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, (Article in Press).
29- Senaranta, T., D. Touchell, E. Bumm, and K. Dixon. 2002. Acetyalslicylic (aspirin) and salicylic acid induce multiple stress tolerance in bean and tomato plants. Plant Growth Regulation. 30: 157-161.
30- Shekari, F., A. Javanshir, M.R. Shakiba, M. Moghaddam and H. Alyari. 2000. Enhancement of canola seed germination and seedling emergence in low water potentials by priming. Turk. J. of Field Crops. 5, 54-60.
31- Sivitep, H.O. and A.M. Dourado. 1995. The effect of priming treatments on the viability and accumulation. of chromosomal damage in aged pea seed. Ann. Bot. 75, 165-171.
32- Sivritepe, N, H.O. Sivritepe and A. Cris. 2003. the effects of NaCl priming on salt tolerance in melon seedlings grown under salin conditions with salt solutions and water  Hort Scince. 26, 417-419.
33- Tasgin, E., D. Atici and B. Nalvantoglu. 2006. Effects of salicylic acid and cold on freezing tolerance in winter wheat leaves. Physiol Plant. 98: 117-124.
34- Tovsoli, M.E. and E.C. Casenve.2005. Water content and the effectiveness of hydro and osmotic priming of cotton seeds. Seed Sci and Technol. 31: 727-735.
35- Wen-Rui, D., H. Qing-Ping, Z. Hong, X. Jian-Guo. 2014. Chemical composition, antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of essential oil from seeds of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) food control. 35; 109-116.
36- Zhu, J.K.2002. Salt and water stress signal transduction in plant. Plant Biology. 53: 247-27.
Irrigation and Water Engineering
Volume 5, Issue 1 - Serial Number 17
December 2014
Pages 14-29

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics