ارزیابی و مقایسه شاخص ردپای آب محصولات زراعی در استان‌های خراسان رضوی، کرمان و اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت، جیرفت، ایران

2 گروه توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات تهران، ایران

چکیده

کشاورزی بخش کلیدی و مصرف‌کننده اصلی منابع آب شیرین دنیاست. درک روشنی از تقاضای آب در بخش کشاورزی برای تولید و مصرف محصوت ، امری ضروری است.بررسی وضعیت موجود کشاورزی بیانگر آن است که با وجود پتانسیل افزایش تولید محصولات کشاورزی، به دلیل فقدان سیستم مدیریتی صحیح، امکان استفاده بهینه از منابع آب و خاک میسر نشده است. در این راستا بررسی راهکارهای استفاده بهینه آب از طریق بازنگری در تخصیص منابع آب و مدیریت آن امری لازم و ضروری است. در این پژوهش، با استفاده از ارزیابی شاخص ردپای آب، ردپای آب محصولات یونجه، هندوانه، ذرت علوفه‌ای، گندم، کلزا، خیار و پیاز در استان‌های خراسان رضوی، کرمان و اصفهان، محاسبه و با یکدیگر مقایسه شدند تا مشخص گردد، کدام استان از منظر شاخص ردپای آب، شرایط کاشت مطلوب‌تری برای هریک از محصولات دارد. نتایج نشان داد استان اصفهان از منظر ردپای آب محصولات یونجه، گندم، هندوانه،خیار، ذرت علوفه‌ای و پیاز از شرایط مطلوب‌تری نسبت به دو استان دیگر برخوردار است. در مورد محصول کلزا استان‌های خراسان رضوی و اصفهان تفاوت محسوسی با یکدیگر ندارند و استان کرمان در کشت این محصول در اولویت آخر قرار دارد. در راستای یافته‌های این پژوهش پیشنهاد می‌شود با توجه به شاخص ردپای آب، محصولاتی که از نظر این شاخص به آب کم‌تری نیاز دارند، در این استان‌ها به ترتیب اولویت کشت و تولید شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation and comparison of the water footprint index of crops in Khorasan Razavi, Kerman and Isfahan provinces

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somayeh Naghavi 1
  • neda Baniasadi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
2 Agricultural Development Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industry, Tehran University of Science and Research, Iran
چکیده [English]

Examining the current situation of agriculture shows that despite the potential to increase the agricultural products, due to the lack of a proper management system, the possibility of optimal use of water and soil resources has not been possible. In this regard, it is necessary and necessary to examine the solutions for optimal use of water through a review of the allocation of water resources and its management. In this research, using the evaluation of the water footprint index, the water footprint of alfalfa, watermelon, fodder corn, wheat, rapeseed, cucumber and onion products in Razavi Khorasan, Kerman and Isfahan provinces were calculated and compared with each other to determine Which province has more favorable planting conditions for each product from the point of view of the water footprint index.

Uneven distribution of rainfall and lack of water in many parts of the world have created many problems for the production of agricultural products and even the provision of safe drinking water. As some scenarios predict, by 2025, 60% of the world's regions will experience water stress due to the increased use of water resources. Most of these regions are located in Africa, Asia and Latin America.

Therefore, due to the lack of proper time and place distribution of rainfall, agricultural management to increase the efficiency of water consumption is much more difficult than in countries with favorable water conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water Crisis
  • Water Footprint
  • Agricultural Products

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