شبیه‌سازی عددی پرش هیدرولیکی در حوضچه آرامش سدهای بلند

نویسندگان

1 مهندسی آب و سازه‌های هیدرولیکی، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سمنان

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران- مهندسی آب و سازه های هیدرولیکی، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سمنان

3 استادیار گروه عمران دانشکده مهندسی دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری

4 استاد گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سمنان، ایران

10.22125/iwe.2020.114695

چکیده

جریان خروجی از سدها می‌تواند به دلیل انرژی جنبشی زیاد باعث ایجاد خسارت‌هایی شود، که می‌توان به شسته شدن بستر رودخانه‌ها و آسیب رسیدن به تأسیسات و سازه‌های موجود در مسیر جریان اشاره نمود. حوضچه‌های آرامش با آرام نمودن جریان این هدف را محقق می­سازند. یکی از روش‌های رایج در شبیه‌سازی سازه‌های هیدرولیکی استفاده از روش‌های عددی است. این روش‌ها بیشتر مبتنی بر دینامیک سیالات محاسباتی (CFD) هستند. با توجه به توانمندی‌های روش‌های عددی و همچنین نرم‌افزارهای پیشرفته، می‌توان به بررسی حالت‌های پیچیده و متنوع اقدام نمود. در تحقیق حاضر، به شبیه‌سازی عددی پرش هیدرولیکی در حوضچه آرامش در پایین‌دست یک سد بلند با استفاده از سه نوع مدل آشفتگی K-ɛ استاندارد، RNG و LES پرداخته شده است. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده، بهترین مدل آشفتگی، مدل LES جهت مدل‌سازی عددی جریان در حوضچه آرامش تعیین گردید. همچنین جهت بررسی تأثیر بلوک‌های پای تندآب بر عملکرد حوضچه، مدلی پیشنهادی با فرض بلوک‌های پای تندآب حوضچه استاندارد تیپ دو USBR درنظر گرفته شد و با مدل اولیه مقایسه گردید.
نتایج تحقیق حاضر، نشان‌دهنده‌ی کاهش تقریبی 40 و 5/4 درصدی سرعت به ترتیب در مقطع ورودی حوضچه و مقطع ورودی پرش هیدرولیکی روی سازه شوت می‌باشد که حاکی از تأثیر به­سزای شوت‌بلوک در بهبود عملکرد حوضچه آرامش این سد می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Numerical Modeling of Hydraulic Jump in Stilling Basin of High Dams

نویسندگان [English]

  • شربتدار sharbatdar 1
  • hojat karami 2
  • Hamed Sarkardeh 3
  • Sayed Farhad Mousavi 4
1 Water Engineering and Hydraulic Structures, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran,
4 Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The outflow from dams, due to its huge amount of kinetic energy, can cause damages such as scouring of the riverbed or destruction of the equipment. Stilling basins are structures that dissipate the excess flow energy at downstream of dams. One of the most common methods, which is used in hydraulic structures analysis, is numerical simulation. Most of these methods are based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD. With the capabilities of numerical methods and advanced softwares, complex and diverse modes of action can be investigated. In this research, hydraulic jumps in stilling basin at downstream of a high dam is numerically simulated by using three different turbulence models including the standard K-ε, RNG and LES models and then the results are compared with the experimental data. According to the results, the best turbulence model was LES model for numerical modeling of flow in the stilling basin. In order to evaluate the effect of chute blocks on the performance of stilling basin, a proposed model assuming standard chute blocks of USBR stilling basin type II is considered and this model is compared with the original model. Results showed a decrease of approximately 40% and 4.5% in the flow velocity, respectively, in the beginning of the stilling basin and incident hydraulic jump section on the chute structure, which reflects the high impact of the chute blocks on the improvement of the performance of this dam's stilling basin.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • tilling basin
  • FLOW-3D
  • Turbulence model
  • Hydraulic jump
  • Chute blocks
  • high dams
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