شبیه‌سازی رگبار- آب‌گرفتگی مبتنی بر سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی در حوضه شهری دامغان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مرتع وآبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، ساری، ایران

2 استاد دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی ساری

3 استادیارگروه مرتع و آبخیزداری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

چکیده

با افزایش شهرنشینی، شرایط سطح زمین و آب و هوا توسط فعالیت­های انسانی تغییر کرده است. این امر منتج به جاری شدن سیلاب و مشکلات آبگرفتگی مکرر در مناطق شهری می­شود. مدل­های رگبار-آبگرفتگی مبتنی بر هیدرولوژی و هیدرودینامیک به تعداد زیادی داده ورودی (جزئیات زمین، سیستم فاضلاب و داده کاربری اراضی) نیازمند است. در این مقاله به منظور تعیین سریع وضعیت آبگرفتگی تنها با چند داده ورودی و معمولا در دسترس، یک روش شبیه‌سازی رگبار- آبگرفتگی شهری (USISM) مبتنی­ بر سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) ارائه شده است. روش USISM یک نوع مدل هیدرولوژیکی توزیعی ساده شده بر اساس مدل ارتفاع رقومی می­باشد. در این روش، فرورفتگی­ها در زمین به عنوان سطوح اصلی آبگرفتگی در نظر گرفته می­شوند. مقدار آبی که می­تواند در هر فرورفتگی­ ذخیره شود توزیع نهایی آبگرفتگی را نشان می­دهد. سطح رواناب حوضه و حداکثر حجم ذخیره برای هر فرورفتگی­ و جهت جریان بین این فرورفتگی­ها همه در شبیه­سازی نهایی آبگرفتگی در نظر گرفته شده­اند. روش سازمان حفاظت خاک امریکا برای محاسبه رواناب رگبار، و یک معادله بیلان آبی برای محاسبه ذخیره آب در هر فرورفتگی­ استفاده شده است. نتیجه نشان می­دهد که روش USISM می­تواند مکان­های نهایی آبگرفتگی در منطقه شهری را پیدا و عمق و سطح آبگرفتگی را به سرعت محاسبه نماید. روش USISM برای شبیه­سازی رگبارهای با مدت زمان کوتاه در یک منطقه شهری با داده­های ورودی محدود و معمولا در دسترس، ارزشمند است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Urban Storm-Inundation Simulation Based-on GIS In Damghan Urban Watershed

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ebrahim Yousefi Mobarhan 1
  • Karim Solaimani 2
  • ghorban vahabzadeh 3
1 1 Ph.D. Student, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
2 Professor of Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources.Department of rang and watershed managemen
3 Assistance Professor, College of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University.
چکیده [English]

With the increasing of urbanization, conditions of the underlying surface and climate conditions have been changed by human activities. This resulted in more frequent floods and inundation problems in urban areas. Storm-inundation Models based on hydrology and hydrodynamics require a large amount of input data (detailed terrain, sewer system and land use data). In this paper, in order to determine inundation conditions quickly with only a few usually available input data, an urban storm-inundation simulation method (USISM) based on geographic Information System (GIS) is proposed. The USISM is a simplified method of distributed hydrological model based on DEM, in this method depressions in terrain are regarded as the basic inundated area. The amount of water that can be stored in a depression indicates the final inundation distribution. The runoff and maximum storage volume for each depression and the flow direction between these depressions are all considered in the final inundation simulation. The SCS method is used to calculate storm runoff and a water balance equation is used to calculate the water storage in each depression. The result reveals that the USISM method could find the inundation locations in the Damghan Urban Watershed and quickly calculate inundation depth and area. The USISM is valuable for simulating storms of short duration in an Urban Watershed with a few in commonly available input data.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Depression
  • GIS
  • Urban Watershed
  • USISM

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